West China Missions Digital Repository
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Beginning in the late 1880s, a small stream of Canadian and American missionaries made their permanent home in Sichuan Province in West China. Inspired by Social Gospel theologians, their numbers had swelled to hundreds by the 1920s, then began dwindling during the 1930s and lessened further during WWII. The missionary presence in China finally ceased in 1951 when they were forced to leave under the Communist regime.
Although these missionary men and women left their homes and families to “evangelize the world in one generation,” from the start their mission embraced not only evangelism, but also education and medicine. Their teaching fine arts, humanities and sciences in middle schools and universities was motivated by the premises that Christianity formed the foundation of a universal democratic society, and that liberal arts and science education was the route to effective Christian leadership. Their social engineering experiment provides a unique opportunity to analyze processes of rapid social and cultural change in both East and West.
This site is dedicated to presenting resources by and about the West China missionaries, especially photographs and ephemera held in the families of their descendants, compiled and researched mainly by Cory Willmott, a "Mish Kid II" herself, and also an emerita professor of anthropology.
I welcome feedback about the site and its contents. Please email me at cwillmo@siue.edu if you have questions or comments about anything on the site, including but not limited to corrections of fact and identification of subjects in photos.
Sneak Peek
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1913 Dr. E. Kyle Simpson's First Yangtze River Voyage
Rev. Dr. Edward Kyle Simpson (known as Kyle) was born on the Scane Sideroad in Howard Township, Ontario, in 1883. After receiving his teachers’ certificate, serving a year as a student minister in Essex County, Ontario, and receiving his medical degree in 1912, Kyle joined the Canadian Methodist Mission and embarked for China in January of 1913. His steamer, the SS Monteagle, set ground in Tokyo on Feb. 12, 1913. Kyle and his party spent some time in Tokyo visiting sites and resident Protestant missionaries. The party then pushed on to Shanghai where Kyle purchased some supplies before boarding a steamer for travel up the Yangtze River towards Sichuan. It is not clear how long Kyle spent in Shanghai or on board the steamer to Wuhan (Hankow), and then on a smaller steamer to Yichang, which he reached by Feb. 23rd, 1913. In Yichang, Kyle’s party transferred to a smaller houseboat to traverse the Yangtze Gorges. They stopped in Chongqing long enough to visit the missionary community across the river from the city, and then continued by houseboat to Luzhou, where he was stationed for language study for several years, while conducting some medical work among the Chinese. This event presents the photos that E. Kyle Simpson took and acquired of his first trip up the Yangtze River. He was a keen observer of culture, history, economic pursuits and engineering, taking photos of interesting things he encountered along the way. Most of the photos of the missionary party were taken by someone else with him in the photo. -
Cargo Boat on the Upper Yangtze
A Chinese boat with a tall sail and long pole off the back end navigates the waters of the Upper Yangtze west of Chongqing. Rolling hills spotted with trees can be seen in the background. -
Boats Moored at the Shoreline
Three boats loaded with people are moored at a beach on the Yangtze, possibly waiting their turn for passage through the Gorges. -
Yangtze River Shipping Operations
Taken from the boat, the photo depicts a low water shoreline with goods staged for loading onto a ship or carriers, including at least one hog. A horse and numerous workers are on the shore. A cargo boat is moored ready to receive goods. Farmers' fields are growing crops in the background. -
Broken Statues at Shabaozhai Temple
The camera looks down a cavity behind a tall wooden fence with open slats. There are numerous broken statues on the ground in the cavity. In the foreground, one statue is standing, but its head has been broken off. The caption implies that it was revolutionary rebels who perpetrated this damage. -
Missionary Woman Holding a Child on a Steamer
A woman holds a young girl on the deck of a ship or steamer. A cluster of Chinese boats float on the expanse of water in the background. -
Summer Cottage in the Chongqing Hills
Large brick house at the top of a hill with stairs leading up to it. The house appears to be a single-story building with extremely high ceilings. A person standing in front of the outbuilding provides a sense of scale. -
Group of Missionaries on Hilltop Overlooking the Yangtze
Six women and two men pose amongst large rocks on a cliff overlooking the Yangtze River. The river and the opposite shoreline can be seen in the background. -
Bishop Harris Holding Two Children
Bishop Harris holds two young girls, one named Ossa and the other Margaret. They appear to be aboard a ship or steamer. Ossa appears to have Asian facial features, and is probably Japanese. -
Guizhou Seen from the Yangtze River
Seen from the river, the small town of Guizhou sits on an embankment above the shoreline and nestles up into the mountains behind. -
Two Missionary Women wearing Pith Helmets
Two women pose for the camera on a grassy hillside wearing cardigans and pith helmets. A path can be seen winding among the hills in the background. -
Emerging from the Wuhan Gorge
View from the front of a boat showing a tall mountain directly ahead behind another mountain that juts out forming a curve in the river. Two boats are on the river before and in the pass. The trackers' path can be seen carved into the hillside on the right.
